I am going to add to and reframe what others have said a little.
Cheesus wrote:an apparent contradiction between acceptance and action. Clearly we can't just accept everything - if I need a glass of water (to use a fairly clear cut example) I shouldn't just accept that I am thirsty, I should really go get myself a drink. There are times, though, when it is not clear whether one should accept or one should act.
I think the key here is that non-action is a kind of action in itself! We can never not act because we are dynamic biological systems. This is why, for example, parents can be punished for neglecting their children - "But I didn't do anything!", the parents may protest - "Exactly our point!", Social Services will respond. Since we are always acting - choosing not to go chasing some desire or need is just as much of an 'act' as choosing to chase it. I find that considering this 'cancels out' the confusion regarding 'when to act', so to speak.
Instead of us believing we have the potential to step out of the world into some place of non-action, we can consider that it is more like we have a tap that can't be closed off attached to us and we need to constantly 'manage' where the water is flowing to. Mindfulness apparently allows us to do that job much better than when we are not mindful - it allows us to 'go with the flow' more in a healthy way. Because mindfulness is about bathing everything in compassion, when the presence of compassion begins to fade - our tap is not being 'managed' properly, we know that some alteration in our behaviour is necessary to act healthily, and by remaining mindful we do that automatically.
Cheesus wrote:The second is striving vs. non-striving. I'm not destined to be a Buddha, and I still need some goals and drives in my life. Moreover, by practicing mindfulness I feel I am aiming to do something for whatever purpose, which is essentially a striving. It's as though I am striving not to strive.
Again, coming from the angle of our necessarily 'active' existence, with our cells always 'striving' to metabolise, and our diaphragm always 'striving' to keep oxygen entering our bodies, it seems we can never be in a place of true non-striving. I think the non-striving teachings are more about trying to control and force situations instead of (again) 'going with the flow'. As my current favourite sentence about non-striving goes: "You can't still the mind with thoughts" (old Zen teachers said "You can't move mind with mind").
Jon Kabat-Zinn often talks about the process of going to sleep to illustrate the futility of striving in order to meet the goal of a peaceful mind. We've all been in a situation where we want to get to sleep and our thoughts about how we are not going to sleep are preventing us from getting to sleep. We can harness some of the other 7 pillars - acceptance, letting go, and patience ... and non-judging, beginner's mind, and trust, lol - all the others
- in order to help deal with habitual striving.
Hope any of that helped.
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